Magistral transport as a key link in the Russian transport system

The subject of the study is the study of the characteristics of cargo flows on the two largest types of main transport (sea and rail) in the world and in Russia. The relevance of the research topic is associated with the expansion of the functional capabilities of main transport, as well as with the complexity and lengthening of logistics supply chains in global commodity exchange, and the intensification of international trade.
Methods applied logistics, general theory of systems, analytical, marketing, statistical, project methods, as well as materials of general access and official sites, own research.
Researched railway and sea transport modes are characterized, their operational indicators are analyzed, the scale of cargo flows in the world and in Russia is estimated, as well as a brief description of the performance indicators of main modes of transport and the role of railway transport in the Russian economy is described.
Russia has railway and marine types of main transport were studied. Taking into account the spatial and geographical location of our country, the importance and role of railway transport are manifested both in domestic transport and in international cross-border logistics, as well as in the organization of cargo transportation in the world’s commodity distribution networks. But along with this, there are huge areas in Russia where the railway network is very rare or absent. It is noted that the attractiveness and importance of rail transport for the carriage of goods due to such reasons as the orientation of the domestic economy on commodity exports (raw materials more profitable to haul trains) and underdevelopment of the road network.

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