Evaluation of noise immunity of automatic locomotive signaling by statistical hypothesis method

The article proposes a formalized method for assessing the noise immunity of the Automatic Locomotive Signaling (ALSN) system under the influence of electromagnetic interference. The core of the noise immunity assessment model is based on a probabilistic-temporal method of statistical hypotheses, i.e., hypotheses about the probability distribution law. Within this framework, the decision regarding the presence of a useful ALSN signal in the mixture of signal and noise components is reduced to comparing the likelihood ratio with a given parametric threshold criterion, which is defined as the level of the useful signal that becomes indistinguishable from external noise by the receiving equipment. Furthermore, the classical theory of statistical hypotheses is adapted to account for the influence of a priori uncertainty from additive harmonic and multiplicative impulse noise, as well as the structural scheme of predetection processing of the input signal. As a result, an analytical expression has been synthesized, enabling the evaluation of the probability of receiving an ALSN coded signal under conditions of unpredictable and intense electromagnetic interference. It also allows for a comprehensive analysis of the impact of asymmetry in the locomotive signaling receiver path on the system’s noise immunity. Based on the obtained results, it is possible to substantiate conceptual directions and the necessity of technical measures aimed at ensuring the precision characteristics of locomotive receiving coils. This will enhance the reliability of railway rolling stock during the modernization and design of advanced train interval control systems.

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